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  Discussion on Research: Small strongyle resistance to Benzimidazoles in India
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DrO

Posted on Monday, Feb 15, 2016 - 11:27 am:

The abstract says: The widespread prevalence of benzimidazole resistant alleles in equine cyathostomins in Uttar Pradesh, India, necessitates immediate replacement of the drugs of the benzimidazole group with other unrelated effective anthelmintics for management and control of equine cyathostomins. This is the same problem we identified here in the 70's and 80's. While a period of avoiding these dewormers makes since to get small strongyles under control, they should look at what happened in the USA. Declining patency periods of strongyles and marked resistance of round and pinworms to avermectins. This suggest returning to the current recommendations of rotating dewormers based on fecal results and timing the environmental conditions. Since moving the farms that I managed over to this we continue to see the very low incidence of colic we saw on the heavy ivermectin schedule while reducing costs as the fecal checks are cheaper than deworming on balanced.
DrO

Vet Parasitol. 2016 Mar 15;218:93-7. doi: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2016.01.016. Epub 2016 Jan 19.
Benzimidazole resistance in equine cyathostomins in India.
Kumar S1, Garg R2, Kumar S1, Banerjee PS1, Ram H1, Prasad A1.

Author information:
1Division of Parasitology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar 243 122, Uttar Pradesh, India.
2Division of Parasitology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar 243 122, Uttar Pradesh, India.

Abstract
Benzimidazole resistance is a major hindrance to the control of equine cyathostominosis throughout the world. There is a paucity of knowledge on the level of benzimidazole resistance in small strongyles of horses in India. In the present study, allele-specific PCR (AS-PCR) that detects F200Y mutation of the isotype 1 ß-tubulin gene and faecal egg count reduction test (FECRT) were used for detecting benzimidazole resistance in equine cyathostomin populations in different agro-climatic zones of Uttar Pradesh, India. Results of the FECRT revealed prevalence of benzimidazole resistance in cyathostomins in an intensively managed equine farm in the mid-western plain (FECR=27.5%, LCI=0) and in working horses (extensively managed) at three locations in central plains of Uttar Pradesh (FECR=75.7-83.6%, LCI=29-57%). Post-treatment larval cultures revealed the presence of exclusively cyathostomin larvae. Genotyping of cyathostomin larvae by AS-PCR revealed that the frequency of homozygous resistant (rr) individuals and the resistant allele frequency was significantly higher (p<0.001) in the intensively managed farm in the mid-western plain and in working horses at two locations in central plains of the state. The resistant allele (r) frequency in cyathostomins was significantly higher (p<0.05) in Vindhyan and Tarai and Bhabar zones of Uttar Pradesh. The prevalence of benzimidazole resistant allele (r) was significantly higher (p<0.05) in cyathostomins of intensively managed horses (allelic frequency-0.35) as compared to extensively managed horses (allelic frequency-0.22). The widespread prevalence of benzimidazole resistant alleles in equine cyathostomins in Uttar Pradesh, India, necessitates immediate replacement of the drugs of benzimidazole group with other unrelated effective anthelmintics for management and control of equine cyathostomins.
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