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  Discussion on Research Summary: Ciprofloxacin Use in Bacterial Eye Infections
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DrO

Posted on Tuesday, Nov 6, 2007 - 8:29 am:

Ciprofloxacin is an antibiotic in the fluoroquinolone family, that is effective against most gram negative bacteria and shows activity some against pseudomonas. In undiagnosed infections it should be used in combination with a antibiotic effective against strep, a common cause of keratitis in horses.
DrO

Vet Ophthalmol. 2007 Nov-Dec;10(6):344-7.
Pharmacokinetics of topically applied ciprofloxacin in equine tears.
Hendrix DV, Stuffle JL, Cox SK.
Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996-4544, USA.

Objective To evaluate the pharmacokinetics of topically applied ciprofloxacin 0.3% ophthalmic solution in tears of healthy horses. Animal studied Twenty healthy, adult, mixed-breed horses. Procedures Twenty study horses were confirmed free of ophthalmic disease by complete ophthalmic examination. Seventy microliters of 0.3% ciprofloxacin (Ciloxantrade mark) was placed in the ventral cul-de-sac of each eye using a microliter syringe and 19-g cannula. Population kinetics were carried out by sampling the tear film from the lower cul-de-sac of each eye with tear test strips at 5, 10, 15 and 30 min and 1, 2, 4 and 6 h post administration for a total of five samples at each time-point. Sample collection time was 15 s. Concentrations of ciprofloxacin were determined using high performance liquid chromatography. Results Mean (+/-SD) of the Schirmer tear test results from all eyes was 23.4 +/- 4.8 mm wetting in 1 min. Mean concentration of ciprofloxacin in the tears at 5 min post administration was 498.4 +/- 266.8 microg/g. Mean concentration rapidly declined and began to plateau at 30 min. The mean tear concentrations of ciprofloxacin at 30 min and at 1, 2, 4 and 6 h were 66.6 +/- 56.0, 60.25 +/- 55.7, 42.25 +/- 30.9, 36.25 +/- 32.0, and 45.5 +/- 46.5 microg/g, respectively. Conclusions The pharmacokinetics of ciprofloxacin in normal horses are similar to those in rabbits and humans. Topical application of ciprofloxacin resulted in a mean tear concentration of ciprofloxacin that remained above the MIC(90) levels for most pathogenic bacteria for 6 h post administration.
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