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Foot and Mouth Disease
Foot and Mouth Disease in Horses
Introduction
Foot and Mouth Disease (FMD), also known as Hoof and Mouth Disease, is caused by a fast-spreading virus, and all cloven-footed animals are susceptible to the disease. FMD is a virus with seven immunologically and serologically distinct types which are Types O, A, and C, Southern African Territories (SAT-1, SAT-2, SAT-3) and Asia-1. Nearly 100% of the animals in an exposed herd will become ill, and young animals may die of the disease. Though FMD does not infect horses, it has greatly affected the ability to move horses freely around some countries and the world. Horses and people on farms with animals other than horses can serve to spread this virus. This article is presented to help horse owners better understand this disease and how it affects them.
Who is susceptible?
FMD is an acute, highly communicable disease seen almost exclusively in cloven-footed animals. These animals would include:
- cattle
- bison
- llamas and other camelids
- domestic and wild (feral) swine
- sheep
- goats
- captive and wild deer
- elk
Clinical Signs
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