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Erythromycin and Rifampin
Erythromycin and Rifampin Use in Horses
Introduction
Erythromycin is approved for use to treat infections caused by susceptible organisms and considered to be the treatment of choice when combined with rifampin for the treatment of Rhodococcus equi infections in foals. It is also useful when an animal is hypersensitive to penicillins. This article contains indications, dosages, and adverse effects of erythromycin and Rifampin.
Chemistry
Erythromycin is a macrolide antibiotic produced from Streptomyces erythreus. It is a weak base that is available in several forms. It is a bitter-tasting, odorless or practically odorless, off-white to slight yellow, crystalline powder. Approximately 1 mg is soluble in 1 ml of water; it is soluble in alcohol. The more practical form for oral use in horses is erythromycin estolate occurs as a practically tasteless and odorless, white, crystalline powder. It is practically insoluble in water and approximately 50 mg are soluble in 1 ml of alcohol. Erythromycin estolate is also known as erythromycin propionate lauryl sulfate. Rifampin occurs as a red-brown, crystalline powder with a pKa of 7.9. It is very slightly soluble in water and slightly soluble in alcohol.
Uses
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