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Metronidazole
Metronidazole Use in Horses
Introduction
An antibiotic that has been around for a long time to treat protozoans like Giardia and Trichomonas. Recently this drug has shown use in horses for treating acute clostridial colitis and some chronic diarrheas. This article addresses the pharmacology, toxicity, and use of this drug in horses.
Pharmacology and Uses
In horses, metronidazole has been used clinically for the treatment of anaerobic infections and possible protozoan diarrheas. This includes clostridial colitis and chronic diarrhea.
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Metronidazole is bactericidal against
- Bacteroides sp. (including B. fragilis)
- Fusobacterium
- Veillonella
- Clostridium sp.
- peptococcus
- peptostreptococcus.
- Actinomyces is frequently resistant to metronidazole.
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Metronidazole has therapeutic activity
- Entamoeba histolytica
- Trichomonas
- Giardia
- Balantidium coli.
- Mechanism of action is not completely understood, but it is taken up by anaerobic organisms where it is reduced to an unidentified polar compound. It is believed that this compound is responsible for the drug's antimicrobial activity by disrupting DNA and nucleic acid synthesis in the bacteria.
Pharmacokinetics
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